Chemical KInetics Chemistry Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Chemical KInetics Chemistry - Assignment Example The theory states that when appropriate molecules of a reactant collide against each other, it is only a definite proportion of the collisions that result in a perceptible chemical change (Goldberger and Watson, 2004). These collisions are termed successful collisions, and possess activation energy. The idea of activation energy was introduced by Svante Arrhenius in 1889, and is the amount of energy needed to be gained by the reactant molecules to form the product. During the exact instant of collision, the pre-existing bonds are broken and new bonds formed. This results in the formation of the products of the reaction. The higher the temperature the higher the rate at which its constituent particles move. This increased particular motion increases the chances of the particles colliding, resulting in more successful collisions that lead to bonds being broken and new ones forming, resulting in the formation of new products, and thereby increasing the reaction rate. This is proven in the graph above, which shows that the molecules that have higher kinetic energies resulting from high temperatures have higher reaction rates, since the increased motion between the molecules results in increased molecular collisions that raises the reaction rates. Pressure has an effect on the rate of various chemical reactions, only involving gases. Raising it leads to a corresponding increase in the rate of the reaction. Raising or lowering the pressure of a reaction system involving liquids or solids leads to no change in the rate of the reaction. For a specific amount of gas, to raise the pressure of the gas one would have to compress the gas so that it would be contained in a lesser volume. Doing so would mean the same amount of gas is found in a much smaller volume, resulting in a higher concentration. Since the gas particles are closer to each other, their random motions result in more frequent collisions. These

Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 7

Final - Essay Example Berkeley looks critically at the notions of having to tell what an object is by looking at its physical appearance and sees it as a way in which we can variably state the existence of an object. Idealism is spread through notions of using common sense to distinguish between perceived objects and the apprehended ones. Thus, the best way to deal with notions of objectivity is by feeling the object either by touch or by the sense of comprehension. The fainter it is the more a person uses the senses of apprehension to get its full understand. The bigger it is, the more one uses touch to identify the nature of the object. He further talks about allusion that external ideas are composed of ideas that tend to show their impact on the way we deal with them. I agree with his idea since we either visualize or apprehend what is seen. There is a need to look at everything objectively in order to check on the possibility of having new ideas on objects we formed suggestions on and get them figured as they are supposed to be. Humes on the other hand brings about the idea of having a close relationship with what one is experiencing to prove that there is nothing as important as having the ability to use ones impressions, experience, ideas and sensations as away of identifying what is existent and what is non-existent. He relies on the use of criticism and reality on proving his critics wrong. He supports his notions using counter-criticisms as a means of winning souls and mind with the same thinking strategy as his. He uses metaphysics as a sign of explaining why he believes in one thing and detests the rest but does not fully explain what is meant by having him resolve the causes and their effects in the real world (Peter, 2006). He is similar to Berkeley and some earlier philosophers in the way he talks of relating what one sees with the impressions created by the mind.